diff --git a/generate/realizer.py b/generate/realizer.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a91b828c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/generate/realizer.py
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+"""ArticulationRealizerV2 — deterministic template-based realization.
+
+Converts an ArticulationTarget (ordered rhetorical steps from the graph
+planner) into a RealizedPlan: an ordered sequence of surface fragments
+joined into a single deterministic surface string.
+
+Design constraints:
+  - No LLM fallback
+  - No broad grammar engine
+  - Deterministic: same ArticulationTarget → same RealizedPlan, always
+  - Composable: does not replace the existing realize() path yet
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+
+from generate.graph_planner import (
+    ArticulationStep,
+    ArticulationTarget,
+    PropositionGraph,
+    RhetoricalMove,
+)
+from generate.intent import IntentTag
+from generate.templates import render_step
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class RealizedFragment:
+    node_id: str
+    move: RhetoricalMove
+    surface: str
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, str]:
+        return {
+            "node_id": self.node_id,
+            "move": self.move.value,
+            "surface": self.surface,
+        }
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True, slots=True)
+class RealizedPlan:
+    fragments: tuple[RealizedFragment, ...]
+    surface: str
+
+    def as_dict(self) -> dict[str, object]:
+        return {
+            "fragments": tuple(f.as_dict() for f in self.fragments),
+            "surface": self.surface,
+        }
+
+
+def _resolve_obj(step: ArticulationStep, graph: PropositionGraph | None) -> str:
+    """Look up the object slot from the graph node matching this step."""
+    if graph is None:
+        return "..."
+    for node in graph.nodes:
+        if node.node_id == step.node_id:
+            return node.obj
+    return "..."
+
+
+def realize_target(
+    target: ArticulationTarget,
+    graph: PropositionGraph | None = None,
+) -> RealizedPlan:
+    """Realize an ArticulationTarget into a deterministic surface plan.
+
+    Each step is rendered through the template for its rhetorical move,
+    then fragments are joined with sentence-level punctuation.
+
+    Returns an empty-but-valid RealizedPlan for empty/None targets.
+    """
+    if target is None or not target.steps:
+        return RealizedPlan(fragments=(), surface="")
+
+    fragments: list[RealizedFragment] = []
+    for step in target.steps:
+        obj = _resolve_obj(step, graph)
+        move = step.move
+        if move is RhetoricalMove.ASSERT and target.source_intent is IntentTag.CORRECTION:
+            move = RhetoricalMove.CORRECT
+        surface = render_step(
+            move=move,
+            subject=step.subject,
+            predicate=step.predicate,
+            obj=obj,
+        )
+        fragments.append(
+            RealizedFragment(
+                node_id=step.node_id,
+                move=move,
+                surface=surface,
+            )
+        )
+
+    joined = ". ".join(f.surface for f in fragments)
+    if joined and not joined.endswith("."):
+        joined += "."
+
+    return RealizedPlan(fragments=tuple(fragments), surface=joined)
diff --git a/generate/templates.py b/generate/templates.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b11c984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/generate/templates.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+"""Deterministic surface templates for rhetorical moves.
+
+Each template is a format string keyed by RhetoricalMove. Slots:
+  {subject}   — primary subject from the articulation step
+  {predicate} — semantic predicate (e.g. "is_defined_as", "contrasts_with")
+  {obj}       — object slot from the graph node (may be "<pending>")
+
+Templates are intentionally simple. The goal is structural correctness,
+not fluency — fluency comes in a later phase when the generation stream
+consumes these as constraints rather than final output.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from generate.graph_planner import RhetoricalMove
+
+
+_PREDICATE_DISPLAY: dict[str, str] = {
+    "is_defined_as": "is defined as",
+    "is_caused_by": "is caused by",
+    "has_steps": "has the following steps",
+    "contrasts_with": "contrasts with",
+    "corrects": "corrects",
+    "recalls": "recalls",
+    "is_verified_as": "is verified as",
+    "addresses": "addresses",
+}
+
+
+def _humanize_predicate(predicate: str) -> str:
+    return _PREDICATE_DISPLAY.get(predicate, predicate.replace("_", " "))
+
+
+_MOVE_TEMPLATES: dict[RhetoricalMove, str] = {
+    RhetoricalMove.ASSERT: "{subject} {predicate_h} {obj}",
+    RhetoricalMove.ELABORATE: "furthermore, {subject} {predicate_h} {obj}",
+    RhetoricalMove.CONTRAST: "in contrast, {subject} {predicate_h} {obj}",
+    RhetoricalMove.SEQUENCE: "next, {subject} {predicate_h} {obj}",
+    RhetoricalMove.CORRECT: "correction: {subject} {predicate_h} {obj}",
+}
+
+
+def render_step(
+    move: RhetoricalMove,
+    subject: str,
+    predicate: str,
+    obj: str,
+) -> str:
+    """Render a single articulation step into a surface fragment."""
+    template = _MOVE_TEMPLATES[move]
+    predicate_h = _humanize_predicate(predicate)
+    obj_display = obj if obj != "<pending>" else "..."
+    return template.format(
+        subject=subject,
+        predicate_h=predicate_h,
+        obj=obj_display,
+    )
diff --git a/tests/test_articulation_realizer_v2.py b/tests/test_articulation_realizer_v2.py
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fbd7fbbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_articulation_realizer_v2.py
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+"""Tests for ArticulationRealizerV2 — deterministic template-based realization."""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from generate.graph_planner import (
+    ArticulationTarget,
+    graph_from_intent,
+    plan_articulation,
+)
+from generate.intent import IntentTag, classify_intent
+from generate.realizer import RealizedPlan, realize_target
+
+
+def _realize_from_prompt(prompt: str, *, prior_node_id: str | None = None) -> RealizedPlan:
+    intent = classify_intent(prompt)
+    graph = graph_from_intent(intent, prior_node_id=prior_node_id)
+    target = plan_articulation(graph)
+    return realize_target(target, graph)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 1. Definition realizer mentions subject
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def test_definition_realizer_mentions_subject() -> None:
+    plan = _realize_from_prompt("What is a multivector?")
+
+    assert len(plan.fragments) == 1
+    assert "multivector" in plan.surface.lower()
+    assert "is defined as" in plan.surface.lower()
+    assert plan.surface.endswith(".")
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 2. Comparison realizer mentions both terms
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def test_comparison_realizer_mentions_both_terms() -> None:
+    plan = _realize_from_prompt("Compare MLX and PyTorch")
+
+    assert len(plan.fragments) == 2
+    surface_lower = plan.surface.lower()
+    assert "mlx" in surface_lower
+    assert "pytorch" in surface_lower
+    assert "in contrast" in surface_lower
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 3. Correction realizer mentions prior or correction
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def test_correction_realizer_mentions_prior_or_correction() -> None:
+    plan = _realize_from_prompt(
+        "No, that's wrong — it should be grade 2",
+        prior_node_id="prev_p0",
+    )
+
+    assert len(plan.fragments) == 1
+    surface_lower = plan.surface.lower()
+    assert "correction:" in surface_lower
+    assert "corrects" in surface_lower
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 4. Unknown or empty graph is bounded
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def test_unknown_or_empty_graph_is_bounded() -> None:
+    empty_target = ArticulationTarget(steps=(), source_intent=IntentTag.UNKNOWN)
+    plan = realize_target(empty_target, graph=None)
+
+    assert plan.surface == ""
+    assert plan.fragments == ()
+
+    unknown_plan = _realize_from_prompt("xyzzy foobar")
+    assert unknown_plan.surface
+    assert len(unknown_plan.fragments) >= 1
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# 5. Realizer output is deterministic
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def test_realizer_output_is_deterministic() -> None:
+    plan_a = _realize_from_prompt("What is light?")
+    plan_b = _realize_from_prompt("What is light?")
+
+    assert plan_a.surface == plan_b.surface
+    assert len(plan_a.fragments) == len(plan_b.fragments)
+    for fa, fb in zip(plan_a.fragments, plan_b.fragments):
+        assert fa.surface == fb.surface
+        assert fa.move == fb.move
+        assert fa.node_id == fb.node_id